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Functional Brain Activation During Statistical Learning is Related to Rapid Automatized Naming of Digits and Objects (But Not Letters): An fMRI Study
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DOI：10.1080/10888438.2026.2700424.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Statistical learning (SL) is the implicit process of extracting statistical regularities from the environment and has been found to be strongly linked with language ability in both children and adults. Notably, SL has been shown to activate brain regions that are implicated in language/reading; however, the extent to which this brain activity is related to reading-related tasks is unknown. Here, we used fMRI to explore the brain–behavior relationships between SL and reading processes.
Forty-eight Adult participants (28 Female, mean age 21 years old) completed a Visual SL (VSL) task inside the MRI that included two phases: 1) familiarization, wherein participants were presented with novel triplets of shapes varying in transitional probabilities, and 2) testing, which involved selecting best-fitting triplets that assessed their learning of these probabilities. Outside the scanner, participants completed three Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) tasks consisting of quickly naming strings of digits, letters, and objects as a measure of basic reading ability.
Using a whole-brain correlational approach with RAN performance as covariates, significant brain-behavior clusters were identified between VSL task-evoked neural activity with RAN digits and objects, but not letters. The regions were predominantly left-lateralized in visuospatial-motor network as well as the parietal regions, caudate, and cerebellum, with the precuneus as a common hub.
These findings link to a more multimodal understanding of the neurocognitive processes, indicating that SL-related neural activity in skilled readers is preferentially linked to naming of symbol sets with inherent semantic content (digits, objects) rather than arbitrary orthographic forms (letters).
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