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Invigorating PDA technology transfers: the impacts of informal appropriability regimes and opportunistic intentions
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DOI：10.1080/14778238.2026.2674145.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Existing research on technology transfer to developing countries has focused predominantly on formal intellectual property regimes, leaving informal appropriability conditions underexplored. Focusing on private-sector engagement in development assistance, we examine how opportunistic intentions among developed-country firms shape the quantity and quality of technology transfers, incorporating second-order knowledge leakage―whereby transferred knowledge diffuses to unintended third-party firms through recipient networks―as a novel mechanism. Using an agent-based simulation grounded in the SKIN model, we identify a systematic quantity–quality trade-off: higher opportunistic intention increases partnership formation but reduces tacit knowledge transfer quality. This dynamic is intensified among firms with strong endowment effects, which exhibit sharp trust reductions following leakage events and consequently limit knowledge sharing. Strengthening informal appropriability mechanisms consistently improves tacit knowledge transfer quality, though its effect on partnership formation varies with firms’ opportunistic orientation. These findings extend appropriability theory and carry implications for governance mechanisms promoting effective private-led development assistance.
Keywords:
Informal appropriability regime
private official development
technology transfer
agent based modeling
appropriability
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