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Moderation with a latent class variable: A tutorial and example

delete2026-04-10
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D
Dina A. N. Arch *
K
Karen Nylund-Gibson
M
Marsha Ing
DOI:10.3758/s13428-025-02886-xdelete
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Abstract

Abstract

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Moderation analyses allow a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between a predictor and an outcome. A limitation of traditional moderation analysis arises when addressing the hypothesis when using a moderator that does not account for unobserved heterogeneity in the population. This limitation can be addressed by extending moderation analyses to include a latent class analysis with auxiliary variables (as predictors and/or outcomes) where the moderator is the latent class variable. This tutorial specifies this extended moderation model with a latent class variable using the three-step manual approach (Asparouhov & Muthén, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 21, 329-341, 2014). Data from the Longitudinal Survey of American Life illustrates this approach within the context of science attitudes. Specifically, a latent class variable (science attitudes) is hypothesized to moderate the relationship between a predictor (science achievement) and an outcome (interest in science issues), while controlling for demographic variables.
Keywords:
Latent class moderation
Latent class analysis
Tutorial
Moderation
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Key information extracted from the uploaded paper, including a brief overview, abstract, background, key highlights, visual analysis, and future outlook.

Journal

Behavior Research Methods cover
Behavior Research Methods
IF:
3.9
Papers:
711
Citations:
3.6W

Organization

U
university of california
Scholars:
1.9W
Papers: 8.0K
Citations: 10
U
University of California Santa Barbara
Scholars:
1.2W
Papers: 9.6K
Citations: 3.6W
Cited Papers

Cited Papers

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errLanza, Stephanie T.; Cooper, Brittany R.
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errRens van de Schoot; Peter Lugtig; Joop Hox
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Addressing Disaster Exposure Measurement Issues With Latent Class Analysis
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errErika D. Felix; Cecile Binmoeller; Karen Nylund‐Gibson; Charles C. Benight; Aprile D. Benner; Antoniya Terzieva
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