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Preserving condensate structure and composition by lowering sequence complexity

delete2024-07-01
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Amogh Sood
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Bin Zhang *
DOI:10.1016/j.bpj.2024.05.026delete
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Abstract

Abstract

En 中文
Biomolecular condensates play a vital role in organizing cellular chemistry. They selectively partition biomolecules, preventing unwanted cross talk and buffering against chemical noise. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) serve as primary components of these condensates due to their flexibility and ability to engage in multivalent interactions, leading to spontaneous aggregation. Theoretical advancements are critical at connecting IDP sequences with condensate emergent properties to establish the so-called molecular grammar. We proposed an extension to the stickers and spacers model, incorporating heterogeneous, nonspecific pairwise interactions between spacers alongside specific interactions among stickers. Our investigation revealed that although spacer interactions contribute to phase separation and co -condensation, their nonspecific nature leads to disorganized condensates. Specific sticker -sticker interactions drive the formation of condensates with well-defined networked structures and molecular composition. We discussed how evolutionary pressures might emerge to affect these interactions, leading to the prevalence of low -complexity domains in IDP sequences. These domains suppress spurious interactions and facilitate the formation of biologically meaningful condensates.
Keywords:
LIQUID PHASE-SEPARATION
STATISTICAL-MECHANICS
AROMATIC RESIDUES
NUCLEAR FOCI
PROTEIN
ORGANIZATION
TRANSITIONS
STABILITY
MODEL
APPROXIMATION
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Journal

Biophysical Journal cover
Biophysical Journal
IF:
3.1
Papers:
5.0W
Citations:
4.4W

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