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Variable optical elements for fast focus control
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DOI：10.1038/s41566-020-0684-z.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Recent improvements of the operation speed of variable optical elements are reviewed with an emphasis on components with microsecond focus-varying response time. In this Review, we survey recent developments in the emerging field of high-speed variable-z-focus optical elements, which are driving important innovations in advanced imaging and materials processing applications. Three-dimensional biomedical imaging, high-throughput industrial inspection, advanced spectroscopies, and other optical characterization and materials modification methods have made great strides forward in recent years due to precise and rapid axial control of light. Three state-of-the-art key optical technologies that enable fastz-focus modulation are reviewed, along with a discussion of the implications of the new developments in variable optical elements and their impact on technologically relevant applications.
Keywords:
LIQUID LENS
EXTENDED DEPTH
PARTICLE TRACKING
FIELD MICROSCOPY
VARIFOCAL LENS
TUNABLE LENS
LIGHT-FIELD
PHASE
ARRAY
INCREASE
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