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Sex Differences in Math-Intensive Fields

delete2010-10-04
delete247
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OA
AI
S
Stephen J. Ceci *
W
Wendy M. Williams
DOI:10.1177/0963721410383241delete
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摘要

摘要

En 中文
Despite impressive employment gains in many fields of science, women remain underrepresented in fields requiring intensive use of mathematics. Here we discuss three potential explanations for women's underrepresentation: (a) male-female mathematical and spatial ability gaps, (b) sex discrimination, and (c) sex differences in career preferences and lifestyle choices. Synthesizing findings from psychology, endocrinology, sociology, economics, and education leads to the conclusion that, among a combination of interrelated factors, preferences and choices-both freely made and constrained-are the most significant cause of women's underrepresentation.
Keyword:
sex differences
mathematic ability
spatial ability
discrimination
career aspirations

期刊

Current Directions in Psychological Science 封面图
Current Directions in Psychological Science
IF:
5.8
论文数:
2.1K
被引数:
1.7W

机构

C
Cornell University
学者数:
6.3W
论文数: 5.4W
被引数: 10.9W
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